I have worked for the Juneau School District for 26 years in a variety of roles: paraprofessional, primary teacher, intermediate teacher, instructional coach and special education teacher.

During this time, I have observed school personnel working to their utmost capacity to provide for the myriad of student needs. Administrators, teachers, special ed staff, specialists, nurses, counselors, librarians, paraprofessionals and office staff are all working hard. We are constantly striving to improve academic, social/emotional and behavioral learning.

So, if we are all working so hard, why does the achievement data not look better, and why do student outcomes appear to vary between our schools? We need to be very cautious when looking at aggregated data as the numbers do not tell the whole story.

Each school in the Juneau School District has a different profile. Some schools house special programs for students with behavioral disorders, communication disorders or autism spectrum disorders, while other schools do not. Some schools have a higher population of English language learners. Some schools have a higher population of students considered to be homeless or at the poverty level.

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We have a proclivity to compare schools when looking at data. However, comparing schools is not helpful as they are not similar in their special programs or student populations.

It is important to note that many of our students are doing quite well and showing progress in academic growth. But, teachers are also noticing a growing number of children coming to school less prepared and able to attend to learning. We are faced with managing a classroom of students where a significant number are experiencing varying effects of trauma.

Our student population is a reflection of the greater community. Notice some of our most recent concerns in Juneau: crime, suicide, drug and alcohol addiction, domestic violence, sexual assault and mental health issues. Some adults involved in the above-mentioned issue also have children. And, these children are adversely affected by their caregiver’s difficulties, which often transfers to learning challenges in school.

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Most people understand that prenatal drug use can affect brain development, but it is not commonly known that trauma and chronic stress can also stunt the brain’s ability to learn or to self-regulate emotions and behavior. I like to think of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Children’s physiological, safety, love and belonging needs have to be met before they are able to dedicate more of their attention to learning.

Despite the challenges of trying to meet the intense needs of some of our students, our schools are thriving — thriving with staff and community members who dedicate their hearts and expertise to helping our children meet their potential. Unfortunately, the quantitative data for our academic achievement does not always reflect the positive impact we are making for the social and emotional well-being of our students.

I do not have any political stance or recommendations for solutions. All I know is that real problems are complex. If we want to improve the academic achievement of our children, we need healthier individuals, healthier families and a healthier community.

My hope is to broaden people’s understanding of what is happening in schools in order to decrease misconceptions and the human tendency to draw conclusions when presented with data. Numbers are only the tip of the iceberg; there is the whole human milieu that lies underneath.

• Pamela Garcia is a special education resource teacher for the Juneau School District. My Turns and Letters to the Editor represent the view of the author, not the view of the Juneau Empire.